BEZALEL BEN MOSES HA-KOHEN
- BEZALEL BEN MOSES HA-KOHEN
- BEZALEL BEN MOSES HA-KOHEN (1820–1878), Lithuanian rabbi and
unofficial rabbi of Vilna. At the age of 11, Bezalel already knew by
heart two of the six orders of the Talmud; at 13, he had covered the
entire Talmud and amazed his listeners with his original halakhic
discourses. A sermon which he delivered before the rabbis of Vilna at
the age of 18 was subsequently published in his Reshit
Bikkurim. His novellae were collected in a work Torat
Yisrael which is no longer extant. In 1843 although only 23 years
of age, Bezalel was chosen as one of the rabbis of Vilna in succession
to Joseph Shiskes. He soon became the leading "moreh ẓedek"
of Vilna, an office equivalent to that of rabbi of the city. Bezalel was
well versed in secular subjects, particularly mathematics and
engineering. Reshit Bikkurim, responsa and comments on the
Sifra (1868), reveals his extensive scholarship and his firm
attitude in halakhic questions. His glosses on the Talmud, Mareh
Kohen, bearing the same
title as his notes on Yoreh De'ah, were published in the
Vilna edition of the Talmud (1884). His commentary on the Sefer
ha-Mitzvot of Maimonides appeared in the Vilna edition of 1866. He
also published a pamphlet entitled Hora'at Hetter, dealing
with the permissibility of using etrogim from Corfu on Sukkot
(1876). Many of Bezalel's responsa appear in the works of his
contemporaries and a number of his writings are still in manuscript.
-BIBLIOGRAPHY:
H.N. Maggid-Steinschneider, Ir Vilna, 1 (1900), 55–61; J.L.
Maimon, Middei Ḥodesh be-Ḥodsho, 4 (1958), 12–16.
(Itzhak Alfassi)
Encyclopedia Judaica.
1971.
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